Eyes are one of the five important senses in our body. Therefore, eye health is very important. Healthy eyes have always been people's dream. However, visual function can be reduced due to an unfavorable lifestyle.
As for several kinds of diseases of the eye that can reduce the function of the eye itself, here are various diseases of the eye:
1. Myopia
Myopia or minus eye is one of the most common refractive errors we encounter today. In myopia sufferers, the eyes can only see close objects clearly and will be blurry if they see objects that are far away. Other causes of minus eye are genetic or inherited, one of which can be caused by daily habits and bad lifestyles, such as unhealthy eating patterns, the habit of reading books while lying down, and reading books in low light conditions. Eyes that are tired due to being in front of a TV screen for too long, computers or playing with cellphones can cause the eyes to become minus
2. Presbyopia
Presbyopia or old eye occurs due to loss of elasticity of the lens, making it difficult for the lens to become convex when looking up close. The complaint that often arises is that it is difficult to see small writing at close range so that the patient will move the paper to be read to get clearer writing. Patients with presbyopia mostly occur at the age of > 40 years. Presbyopia sufferers will be corrected using positive/plus spherical lens glasses to help the eyes accommodate.
3. Astigmatism
Astigmatism or astigmatism is that light entering the eye is not focused at one point, but is scattered. This can occur due to an uneven surface of the cornea. The normal corneal surface is smooth and has the same curvature in every part. Patients with cylindrical eyes often experience complaints such as seeing an uneven mirror. This type of refractive error can be acquired from birth or due to inflammation of the cornea. Eyeglass correction is performed with cylindrical glasses to compensate for the disturbed curvature of the cornea.
4. Glaucoma
Glaucoma is a condition when the eye pressure is higher than normal. High eye pressure can cause damage to the optic nerve or optic nerve as well as the sufferer's field of vision. Increased eye pressure can be caused by disruption of the flow of aqueous humor or eye fluid. Glaucoma is often referred to as "the thief of sight", because in people with glaucoma there will be gradual damage to the layer of nerve fibers. Damage to these nerve fibers will slowly cause narrowing of the field of view and end in blindness. Patients who have been diagnosed with glaucoma, should check with their doctor regularly to continue to evaluate the pressure of the eyeball, the optic nerve and the visual field.
5. Cataract
Cataract is an eye disease characterized by changes in the eye lens which was originally clear and translucent to cloudy or cloudy. Cataract sufferers often experience many complaints, such as slowly blurring vision, such as foggy or smoky, double vision, more sensitivity to light (feeling more glare), so they feel more comfortable with night vision. The complaints that arise depend on the level and form of cloudiness of the cataract.
Cataracts can occur since the baby is born (congenital cataracts), senile cataracts due to age, degeneration, or complications. Cataract treatment is by surgery, namely by replacing the cloudy eye lens with an artificial lens implanted in the eye.
Maintain Eye Health
1. Regular check-ups to the eye doctor
Many people do not realize that their vision has decreased, and this can be due to several factors such as glaucoma or the effects of aging. It's a good idea to have your eyes checked by an ophthalmologist to know the overall health of your eyes.
2. Pay attention to a good position when reading
Do not read while lying down and in a place that is too bright or too dark. It makes the eyes have to work harder.
3. Give your eyes a break
Gaze at distant objects or scenes after reading, writing, or watching for a long time. Try the 20-20-20 rule, which states that every 20 minutes, you look at an object 20 feet away, and rest for 20 seconds. This method can help reduce your eye fatigue.
4. Clean hands and contact lenses
To avoid the risk of infection, always wash your hands before putting on or removing contact lenses. Be sure to disinfect your contact lenses as instructed and replace them regularly.
5. Quit smoking
Smoking is not good for eye health. Research shows smoking is associated with an increased risk of degeneration, cataracts and optic nerve damage, which can lead to blindness.
6. Consume foods that are good for the eyes
Food ingredients that contain lots of vitamin A, Lutein, zeaxanthine, are very good for maintaining eye health. Some food sources that contain lots of lutein and zeaxanthin include spinach, broccoli, corn, melon, kiwi. Research shows that eating foods high in omega-3 fatty acids such as salmon and tuna is good for eye health.
7. Maintain Weight
Being overweight or obese increases your risk of developing diabetes and other systemic conditions. We can lose vision as a complication of certain diseases such as diabetes. If you have problems with weight and vision, it's a good idea to consult a doctor to be sure.
If you have eye health problems, don't underestimate it. Immediately consult an ophthalmologist if the eye complaints persist. Let's take care of eye health because eyes are the "Window of the World".
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