How to Build a Skin Care Routine

Good skin isn't just a matter of DNA  your daily habits, in fact, have a huge impact on what you see in the mirror. But depending on which product reviews you read or the doctor you consult, there can be a dizzying array of opinions on everything from how to moisturize to how to protect yourself from UV rays. In the end, taking care of your skin is just personal. Here's what you have to remember to sort out all the noise.

Skin Care Tips Before You Begin

Three Main Steps

Think of your skincare routine as consisting of three main steps:

  • Cleansing - Washing your face.
  • Toning — Balances the skin.
  • Moisturizer — Moisturizes and softens the skin.

The goal of any skincare routine is to perfect your skin tone so that it works well, as well as solving problems or targeting any areas you want to work on. “A beauty routine is an opportunity to see a change in yourself,” says San Francisco skincare specialist Kristina Holey. As your skin's needs change with age, so do your products. However, he adds, "it's not about creating perfection." Let these three steps become your daily ritual that fortifies your skin and underpins your day.

Give time

The science behind skincare products has come a long way but there's still no instant fix — you need time to reap the benefits, says Dr. Rachel Nazarian, Manhattan dermatologist at Schweiger Dermatology Group. "The results are only visible through consistent use," he explains. Generally, aim to use the product for at least six weeks, once or twice a day, to see the difference.

Tip: With any skin care product, apply in order of consistency — from thinnest to thickest. For example, cleanser, toner (if used), serum, and then moisturizer.

Cleaning

Washing your face is the most basic and essential step of any routine, says New York City dermatologist Dr. Carlos Charles. “Our skin comes into contact with environmental pollutants, dirt and other factors on a daily basis that must be gently removed.” Wash twice a day, morning and night, to avoid clogged pores, dullness and acne.

Find Your Facial Cleanser

The precise formula cleanses your skin without stripping essential oils and is healthy. Go easy on an exfoliating scrub (use once a week) and avoid those with crushed walnut shells or abrasive ingredients.

What Does Non-Comedogenic Mean Exactly?

This term appears frequently on product labels and is used by skin care professionals but is not always defined in simple, clear language. Here's a quick explanation: If a product claims to be non-comedogenic, it doesn't mean it shouldn't clog pores or trigger acne — either by clogging the skin, blocking glands, or irritating hair follicles. The claim is not regulated by the F.D.A., however, and many companies perform their own internal tests to determine whether or not a product should be considered comedogenic. (Some commonly known comedogenic ingredients are coconut oil and cocoa butter.) Usually, the fewer ingredients a product has, the easier it is to determine whether it will cause a reaction. tighten

How to Use Toner

To many, the word "toner" reminds us of the stinging substance of the 80s. “The original is an alcohol-based product that is used to dry oily skin and remove any remaining dirt after cleansing,” says Dr. Nazarian. Today's formula, however, has evolved. Think of it as a supplement — this thin liquid provides an extra shot of nutrition, helping other products in your regimen absorb better, while still balancing your skin."It can be a good way to add certain ingredients you may not have in your other products or add another layer of skin replenishment." If you have the time and desire, here are some hero ingredients to look for:

  • Alpha and beta hydroxy acids to gently remove dead skin cells that can clog pores, repair sun-damaged skin and minimize dullness.
  • Hyaluronic acid to boost hydration, seal in moisture and plump skin to treat fine lines.
  • Rose water and green tea to soothe irritation and reduce redness with anti-inflammatory effects.
  • Vitamins E and C to fight daily exposure to free radicals that can age your skin.

What is Toner?

“Toner should be done after cleansing and before wearing anything else,” says Mattioli. The traditional method of application is to saturate a cotton swab and apply it to your face. But, as Mattioli points out, “you end up losing a lot of product.”

Tip: “Applying toner with clean hands is the most efficient. Just pour a few drops into the palm of your hand, then wipe." Or if you prefer, you can separate the cotton “so it doesn't get too thick before applying the toner,” suggests Mattioli. Most formulas can be used morning and night, but you may want to use them with an exfoliating acid only at night or daily.

Treating With Serum

Simply put, serums are powerful skin allies. Loaded with a concentrated dose of active ingredients, this herb can reduce a number of problems, from dark spots to wrinkles. "Even if you don't have a particular problem, everyone still needs a general morning antioxidant serum to protect against daily aggressors," says Mattioli. While there are "unlimited choices" for the ingredients, Nazarian picks his hardworking favourites. To address a specific problem, look for the following products:

  • Hyaluronic acid to seal in hydration and strengthen the barrier function (the top layer of your skin) to prevent moisture loss.
  • Vitamin C to help brighten dull skin and reduce dark spots with continuous use.
  • Retinol, vitamin B3, peptides to stimulate the production of collagen and elastin, proteins in the body that help prevent lines and sagging skin.
  • Colloidal sulfur, niacinamide to soothe redness and irritation by reducing inflammation, and improve acne with its antimicrobial effect.

Helpful Hints and Hints

If you have a lot of problems, you may want to use some formulas. “I recommend treating different areas with different products,” says Mattioli. “Perhaps you will apply vitamin C serum all over the body, but then apply [other] for hyperpigmentation only in a few spots.” Just run any combination by your dermatologist to avoid any possible reaction.

To save time, don't try to mix serum into your moisturizer. This "reduces the ability of the serum to absorb effectively,"

Not all serums are applied with the same frequency. "It varies depending on the ingredients," said Dr. Nazarian. "I prefer antioxidants in the morning because they give you added protection from the environment, and most of us don't use enough sunscreen," says Mattioli. However, certain ingredients are best applied at night. For example: “Retinol is not resistant to sunlight and will degrade if used during the day,” explains Dr. Nazarian. Bottom line: Read label instructions carefully.

moisturizer

The most basic function of a moisturizer is to hydrate and soften the skin. "Basically, moisturizer helps prevent water loss through the outer layer of the skin," explains Dr. Charles. “They can also complement naturally found protective oils and other building blocks in the skin, such as ceramides.” This is one of the products that doctors recommend to use all year round, for all skin types. "Skin naturally loses its ability to retain moisture as we age," says Dr. Nazarian, “and everyday activities, such as washing, can strip natural hydrators from surfaces.”

How to Choose a Moisturizer

“Everyone needs moisture, but the texture of your moisturizer will differ depending on your skin type,” 

Difference Between Day Cream and Night Cream

The creams you use in the morning are equipped to protect your skin from the environmental aggressors you'll encounter when you leave the house many contain antioxidants to minimize pollution-based free radicals and sunscreen to protect you from ultraviolet radiation. They usually have a light consistency. Night creams, on the other hand, focus on repairing any damage you may be experiencing with ingredients like retinol to speed up cell turnover and fight dark spots. The cream also replenishes moisture levels, which naturally drop at night, with emollients that often create a rich, creamy texture.

Eye Cream Explained

Can you survive without eye cream? . . . However, if you have specific concerns such as hyperpigmentation, dryness, or puffiness  you might want to give it a try. "The skin around the eyes is quite thin says “Therefore, dermatologists usually recommend eye creams that take into account the potential sensitivity and have the right concentration

How to Choose a Moisturizer

"Everyone needs moisture, but the texture of your moisturizer will vary depending on your skin type."

Protect With Sunscreen

All the experts we consulted unanimously agreed on one thing: that sunscreen is the most important skin care product. This is "very important as part of your regimen throughout the year," “Daily and consistent use of sunscreen helps prevent the development of fine lines and wrinkles, texture imperfections, and changes in the appearance of pores over time. More importantly, daily use of sunscreen can help prevent the formation of certain skin cancers." For simplicity's sake, experts recommend using a daily moisturizer with a built-in broad-spectrum SPF of at least 30.

Decoding Sunscreen Formula

There is a lot of debate about which sunscreen is best and safest for your skin. You have two types of ingredients in the formula:

  • Chemicals, such as oxybenzone and octinoxate, are absorbed into your skin to fight UV damage
  • Excess:
  • Lightweight, easy to apply and transparent on the skin.
  • counteract:
  • May irritate and cause reactions in those with sensitive skin.

Certain ingredients such as oxybenzone have created health concerns and carry a "high hazard" rating in the Skin Cosmetics Environmental Working Group Database.

Physical substances, such as titanium dioxide and zinc oxide, that sit on top of your skin to block or prevent UV rays from entering your body.

Excess:

  • Very little risk of irritation or health problems.

counteract:

  • It often leaves a white or grayish tint on the skin, especially in those with darker skin tones.

Insider tip: "I generally recommend using a sunscreen that contains a combination of physical and chemical blocking components,"This will provide protection from both UVA and UVB rays, and usually doesn't create a visible residue."

Sunscreen App 101

Consider this as your rule of thumb, “Use sunscreen 30 minutes before sun exposure, and reapply it at least every two hours. Chemical sunscreens should be applied directly to clean skin, whereas physical blockers can be applied one last time in your skincare regimen, but before makeup is applied. About two tablespoons of sunscreen is appropriate for covering the face and exposed areas of the body; in that amount, use a nickel-sized spoonful to cover your face.”

All the experts we consulted unanimously agreed on one thing: that sunscreen is the most important skin care product. This is "very important as part of your regimen throughout the year,"“Daily and consistent use of sunscreen helps prevent the development of fine lines and wrinkles, texture imperfections, and changes in the appearance of pores over time. More importantly, daily use of sunscreen can help prevent the formation of certain skin cancers." For simplicity's sake, experts recommend using a daily moisturizer with a built-in broad-spectrum SPF of at least 30.

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